Solanum aethiopicum, the bitter tomato, ethiopian eggplant verification needed, or nakati, is a fruiting plant of the genus solanum mainly found in asia and tropical africa. A new flavonoid cglycoside from solanum elaeagnifolium. Pdf cytotoxic flavone glycosides from solanum elaeagnifolium. Contribution to the study of the biology of solanum elaeagnifolium cav. Solanum elaeagnifolium silverleaf nightshade poisoning in. Appearance solanum elaeagnifolium is a perennial shrub that can grow up to 3 ft. A large image of solanum elaeagnifolium silverleaf nightshade from the usda plants database. The plant grows in scrubland, pasture and disturbed areas, accordingly is considered a weed for agricultural crops 1 and is highly toxic to livestock 2. Bioguided fractionation from solanum elaeagnifolium to evaluate toxicity on cellular lines. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. From solanum elaeagnifolium to evaluate toxicity on cellular lines. Oct 12, 20 silverleaf nightshade solanum elaeagnifolium poisonous silverleaved nightshade or silverleaf nightshade, solanum elaeagnifolium, is a common weed of western north america and also found in south. This taprooted perennial herb grows to a height of 3 feet and. Solanum elaeagnifolium soleloverview eppo global database.
While it is primarily a weed of agricultural areas, silverleaved nightshade solanum elaeagnifolium is also a weed of native pastures and rangeland. Silverleaf nightshade solanum elaeagnifolium is poisonous. A new flavonoid cglycoside from solanum elaeagnifolium with. The plant h as an extensive root system spreading to over 2. Silverleaf nightshade solanum elaeagnifolium is poisonous and. Erect, branched plant reaching heights of 2 to 3 ft.
Media in category solanum elaeagnifolium the following 35 files are in this category, out of 35 total. Characteristics and chemical composition of solanum. Field experiments were conducted at two locations in southeastern australia between 2006 and 2008 to examine a range of herbicides for control of s. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. However, no toxicity is mentioned in pubmed or toxnet 407 2010. Biological control of silverleaf nightshade, solanum. The plant is harvested from the wild for local use as a food and medicine. Silverleaf nightshade solanum elaeagnifolium poisonous silverleaved nightshade or silverleaf nightshade, solanum elaeagnifolium, is a common weed of western north america and also found in south. Idaho weed resource webpage on silverleaf nightshade.
Solanum nigrum solanaceae commonly known as makoi or black nightshade, usually grows as a weed in moist habitats in different kinds of soils, including dry, stony, shallow, or deep soils, and can be cultivated in tropical and subtropical agro climatic regions by sowing the seeds during aprilmay in wellfertilized nursery beds. In addition, silicaimmobilized solanum elaeagnifolium was used in columns for flow studies which show that silverleaf nightshade could be used to remediate heavy metalcontaminated waters in a. Solanum elaeagnifolium, silverleafed nightshade, poisoning. Request pdf biology, distribution and impacts of silverleaf nightshade solanum elaeagnifolium cav. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. Silverleaf nightshade solanum elaeagnifolium is a deep rooted perennial plant. Insecticidal effect of solanum elaeagnifolium extracts under. Silverleaf nightshade, solanum elaeagnifolium, is listed as a noxious weed in its native. It has also been found in parts of europe, asia, and australia. It is also known as ethiopian nightshade, garden eggs, and mock tomato. Plants profile for solanum elaeagnifolium silverleaf. Plant database lady bird johnson wildflower center. The leaves and stems are covered in with dense, fine, white hairs giving it a silvery appearance. The genus solanum is the largest genus of the family solanaceae in the west side of the country 2.
For example, social resources include such attributes as how the plant affects human access for recreation, or if it creates a health risk due to toxicity or by producing allergens. Pdf bioactivityguided fractionation of a 90 % methanolic extract of solanum. Plants profile for solanum elaeagnifolium silverleaf nightshade. It is a popular vegetable in northeast india, and is known as khamen akhaba in manipuri and samtawk in mizo.
It is highly problematic in australia, greece, morocco, south africa and the usa, and it has also spread into many asian, european, mediterranean and middle east countries mekki, 2007, brunel, 2011. Agronomy 217 weed identification horsenettle solanum carolinense l. Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature top of page the name solanum mauritianum scopoli is universally accepted for this weed which, despite its species name, is not native to mauritius but to northeastern argentina, southern brazil, uruguay and paraguay. Factors affecting silverleaf nightshade solanum elaeagnifolium germination volume 60 issue 1 rex stanton, hanwen wu, deirdre lemerle skip to main content accessibility help we use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Solanum mauritianum is recognized as a potential hazard to human health, irritating the skin and respiratory tract and sometimes causing nausea when handled. Perennial, reproducing by seed, rhizomes and adventitious buds on roots. General information about solanum elaeagnifolium solel eppo global database. Large image for solanum elaeagnifolium silverleaf nightshade. The species name, elaeagnifolium, is latin for leaves like elaeagnus, in reference. Horsenettle solanum carolinense l iowa state university. Tim prather, university of idaho, department of plant, soil, and environmental sciences adapted from. Silverleaf nightshade solanum elaeagnifoliumauthor.
Solanum elaeagnifolium, the silverleaf nightshade or silverleaved nightshade, is a common weed of western north america and also found in south america. Its local pattern of distribution in the eppo region indicates that it is still in an establishment phase. Biological control of silverleaf nightshade, solanum elaeagnifolium, and bugweed, solanum mauritianum, solanaceae in south africa t. Silverleaf nightshade solanum elaeagnifolium is a perennial in the nightshade family solanaceae that grows up to 3 feet tall. Biology, distribution and impacts of silverleaf nightshade. Solanum elaeagnifolium cavanilles solanaceae is widely distributed in the north of mexico 1. Solanum elaeagnifolium 2007 eppo bulletin wiley online library. Insecticidal effect of solanum elaeagnifolium extracts. Solanum elaeagnifolium 2007 eppo bulletin wiley online. Despite its confirmed adverse toxicity to livestock e. When using herbicides always read the label, and when in doubt consult your farm advisor or county agent.
Pdf adsorption of heavy metal ions by the biomass of. Box 330, uitenhage 6230, south africa private bag x4, pretoria 000 i, south,ifrica. Bioguided fractionation from solanum elaeagnifolium. View photographs and a description of the plant solanum elaeagnifolium, commonly known as silverleaf nightshade, purple nightshade, white horsenettle. Solanum elaeagnifolium, silverleafed nightshade, poisoning in livestock. The plant grows in scrubland, pasture and disturbed areas, accordingly is considered a weed for agricul tural crops 1 and is highly toxic to livestock 2. Silverleaf nightshade, solanum elaeagnifolium, is listed as a noxious weed in its native range americas and as an invasive alien plant in many countries across the world.
Solanum elaeagnifolium belongs to the solanaceae family, commonly called silverleaf nightshade, bitter apple and tomato weed. The species is known to be toxic to cattle, causing damage to intestinal tract and. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. This taprooted perennial herb grows to a height of 3 feet and is a common roadside flower in much of texas. Effective longterm control is difficult due to the extensive root system. Other common names include prairie berry, silverleaf nettle, white horsenettle or silver nightshade. See our written findings for more information about silverleaf nightshade solanum elaeagnifolium. Silverleaf nightshade solanum elaeagnifolium state of oregon. Solanum is from the latin solamen, solace or comfort, in reference to the narcotic effects of some solanum species. Silverleaf nightshade contains toxic alkaloids that.
The leaves and fruit are toxic at all stages of maturity. Like most members of the solanaceae family, all plant parts contain toxic alkaloids. It is also known as ethiopian nightshade, 2 garden eggs, and mock tomato. Anantharaju and others published termigradation of. Bioguided fractionation from solanum elaeagnifolium to. Ma334600, ma isoneotypes ma ma3346002, ma3346003 designated by knapp 20. Solanum carolinense, the carolina horsenettle, is not a true nettle, but a member of the solanaceae, or nightshade family. The genus solanum belonging to solanacea family subfamily. Silverleaf nightshade is a deep rooted, summer active perennial closely related to horticultural crops such as tomatoes and eggplants, making biological control problematic. Moreover, the sale of contaminated agricultural products with solanum elaeagnifolium is prohibited in south africa wassermann et al. Treatment options from the book weed control in natural areas in the western united states this does not constitute a formal recommendation. Lady bird johnson wildflower center focused on protecting and preserving north americas native plants through native plant lists and image galleries, conservation, education, natural landscapes, seed collection millennium seed bank msb project, preserving and restoring native communities, spreading awareness on invasive species and gardening to attract wildlife.
By treatment with hcl, the boundmetal ions were recovered. Pdf termigradation of the weed solanum elaeagnifolium. While it is primarily a weed of agricultural areas, silverleaved nightshade solanum elaeagnifolium is also a weed of native pastures and rangeland plant communities, and is occasionally also found in other natural environments. Information taken from the eppo datasheet on the plant, 2006. Solanacees, adventice des cultures dans le perimetre irrigue du tadla maroc. Silverleaved nightshade solanum elaeagnifolium is a weed of crops and cultivation, pastures, roadsides, disturbed sites and waste areas in semiarid, temperate and subtropical regions. Solanum elaeagnifolium silverleaf nightshade, purple. Although the chemical structure of the alkaloid found in s. An illustrated flora of the northern united states, canada and the british possessions.
Solanum elaeagnifolium washington state noxious weed control. The plant belongs to the subgenus brevantherum, one of several subgenera of solanum darcy, 1972. All parts of the plant, but particularly the berries are toxic to animals. Like most plants in the nightshade genus, silverleaf nightshade is poisonous to cattle, but rarely consumed. The record derives from tropicos data supplied on 20120418 which reports it as an accepted name record 29602593 with original publication details. This page was last edited on 28 september 2016, at 15. Solanum elaeagnifolium is a multistemmed, broadleaved, herbaceous and woody perennial, growing up to 1 m tall.
In south africa it is known as silverleaf bitterapple or satansbos satans bush in afrikaans. Silverleaf nightshade best management practice guide. Some forms of this plant are occasionally cultivated, especially in western africa and tropical asia, for. The solanaceae includes food plants, poisonous and medicinal plants, ornamentals, and several noxious. Request pdf bioguided fractionation from solanum elaeagnifolium to evaluate toxicity on cellular lines and breast tumor explants background. Pm90251 bactericera cockerelli and candidatus liberibacter solanacearum. During a recent survey, it was listed as a priority environmental weed in four natural resource management regions. Solanum nigrum is an erect, muchbranched annual plant growing around 60cm tall. Solanaceae, a weed of crops in the irrigated perimeter of the tadla morocco. Factors affecting silverleaf nightshade solanum elaeagnifolium germination volume 60 issue 1 rex stanton, hanwen wu, deirdre lemerle skip to main content accessibility help we use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a. Each resource attribute, or criterion, is assessed relative to a list of intensity ratings. It is a perennial herbaceous plant, native to the southeastern united states that has spread widely throughout much of temperate north america. Zimmermann b plant protection research institute, p.
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